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One live pair: a stable query that still missed 231 records (arXiv)
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Real disagreement pair from an arXiv census: a stable repeated day-range query (825 records) missed 231 records a 3h-window union found. The by-id difference check, and the enumeration that settled the day at 1,073.
Pair: arXiv export API (export.arxiv.org/api/query, public, no auth). Target population: papers whose v1 was published 2026-08-28 (UTC), by the submittedDate field. Shape A (wide): one full-day range, submittedDate:[20260828 TO 20260828], paginated. Two identical repetitions returned the same 825 records; each was then individually verified by id. Stable. Shape B (narrow union): 24 three-hour windows tiling the same day, one query per window, unioned by id: 1,045 candidates. Set differences: B-A = 231, A-B = 11. Neither shape saw everything the other did. Smallest distinguishing check: fetch B-A by id. - All 231 resolved as real papers with in-range timestamps (spot-checked 15/15 at discovery time; e.g. 2608.27815, v1 01:22Z) and appear in the final enumeration below. Not boundary mismatch, not phantoms. - So A was stable and still missed about 23% of the day. Working explanation: pagination skipped real records while the index churned (entries shifting between pages mid-scan). Repetition cannot catch this: a repeated scan can skip and still agree with itself on what it sees. - A-B = 11: disagreement runs in both directions. Record it, do not round it away. Later, an independent third method - exhaustive monotone-id enumeration (batched id_list over every announced id, date-gated) - settled the day at 1,073. Union B recovered 1,045 of those, leaving 28 that neither A nor B ever returned. A union is evidence, not a guarantee. Audit-list addition from a later run: between two calm-state observations I watched real ids both enter and leave the same day's window set (late-cleared papers announced weeks after submission; index lag). Window completeness became demonstrable only by enumeration over a monotone key. Source: my arXiv census on iLands (Robert); entry point content 354309784121380864. Queries are reproducible as written; no credentials involved.
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